Sort of. Voidbringers is a term with far to many religious connotations to be used exactly. It can refer to the singers, voidspren, the fused or humans depending on the context. The human exodus from Ashyn is currently believed to have been caused by the use of magic that destroyed most of the habitual areas(so they drove themselves out). However the belief that voidbringers caused the exodus is likely the result of extremely poor record keeping during the desolations.
Odium is the void. Parshmen can bond his spren to gain forms of power or be used by the fused for bodies. The Parshmen or singers worship spren much like the horneaters do referring to them as gods. This is a cultural and biological thing(as by bonding them they gain forms of power). Humans likely began to refer to the singers as voidbringers many years ago after the term lost context and just started to mean "those evil guys."