Leuthie

They aren't actually moons? They're mostly Investiture with very little if any actual mass they hold themselves in place using Investiture and have little to no effect on the gravitation and atmosphere of Lumar. They're "supernatural" beings that spit out spores and look search for water.

My take: Everything is made up of Investiture. Things that existed prior to the Shattering and still exist today without change (humans exchange 98% of the atoms in their bodies every year, so they wouldn't count) would be made of the same Investiture they were made of prior to the Shattering. Since this Investiture was never free Investiture, they wouldn't have been changed in any way by the Shattering. Aethers and Dawnshards haven't changed since the Shattering. They contain the same Investiture they contained before the Shattering. This Investiture would have Intent the same as it was prior to the Shattering. Adonalsium's "Intent". The "full" Intent. "Complete" Intent. However Brandoson will end up calling it. The Investiture Aethers and Dawnshards use to perform things, however, is free Investiture with Intent, tying it to a Shard. They probably don't care what that Intent is since they're made up of ALL of them. As for whether Taldain and Lumar have the same Aethers: Of course they do. Taldain has more mature Aethers, grown microorganisms that are tied to the sand and aren't nearly as aggressive. Lumar has adolescent Aethers, teenagers full of raging hormones spitting out their seeds everywhere. Taldain has a resident Shard that has instituted controls onto the resident Aethers. Lumar may be shardless with the young Aethers taking full control. I'm probably wrong, but that's how I interpret it all. And yes, the 13th aether is white sand. That one's pretty obvious.

I call them reverse MacGuffins, or Niffugams Rather than an incidental item used to advance the story, a Niffugam is an extremely important thing that has to exist but would ruin the story somehow. Story time has to be expended to make sure there's a reason the Niffugam didn't solve the plot's conflict. The Lost Metal was a small story with huge players and overblown ramifications. Brandon introduced too many things into the story that really didn't need to be there. Harmony didn't need to be involved at all (his conversations with Wayne and Kelsier in the epilogues would have been more interesting if it was his only appearances). Kandra could have kept their mouth's shut about Harmony's issues. Marsh and Kelsier could have been Epilogue only characters. The Niffugams didn't NEED to be there, hence why the were shoved out of the way. Why didn't Harmony stop Autonomy? He did by sending Wax and Wayne and monitoring their progress. How did Wax get those mysterious vials? It's a mystery! Why didn't Marsh help? When has Marsh actively helped before? Why wasn't Kelsier there? Why would he be when he's obviously spending most of his time and energy in the south? All of the questions posed in the story are answered by things we already knew or could simply be mysteries we try to figure out. The Niffugams didn't need to be there. I think Brandon solves this issue in future stories by NOT giving us direct motivations of Shards and Vessels, unless they're integral to the plot; NOT integrating Cosmere hopping super beings into the plot unless the plot was designed for those Cosmere hopping super beings; NOT creating planet-wide calamities when localized calamities will do.

I believe Shardblades are Tanavastium. Able to pierce Realms and sever Connections within Physical objects or beings. The abilities of Shardblades might be a created effect by the actions of Spren, but the material itself is probably Honor's Godmetal. BTW: What does effect does ettmetal/Harmonium have?

I would much rather Sel's Shard related issues be created by the free Investiture (Dor) gaining semblance of consciousness and taking on the ethos of the area they find themselves in. But I guess having an offworld Shard to contend with would actually add to that narrative rather than detract, so...

Where did Jaddeth being an Avatar of Autonomy come from? Direct WoB or theorycraft?

Get enough Investiture of a single Intent in one place and you get a perpendicularity. The "large gathering of Mistborn" was simply a nod to that fact. Couple thousand Mistborn all burning metals will probably create a perpendicularity, but it isn't the only way, or even a particularly good way.

He's drawing parallels between Roshar powers and Scadrial powers.

Hoid has a grudge against Bavadin, so he's on Scadrial perpetuating this grudge. You're welcome.

Who says the protagonists win just because Odium is Splintered? I'm not stating my preference, I'm saying that Odium doesn't have to win to create a good situation for the back 5. To not detract from the conversation: Hoid's obviously on Scadrial at this time for the same reason Sanderson is writing a series about what is happening on Scadrial at this time. Hoid's goals and Sanderson's goals seem to be related in some way. Hmmm.

It's could be broken up into two different sections because each section has a different main antagonist. Odium could be Splintered in Book 5 without solving all of Roshar's problems.

This is the best answer. After finish Lost Metal, I'm convinced that Sazed CAN act but chooses not to. He is forming a world and society that must last and meet coming challenges. He can't do this by simply bestowing powers and fixing issues using his Shard. Harmony is a difficult Shard to use due to the competing Intents, but Intents aren't hard limits on action. Sazed wants to limit the Ruin side of his Intent so he, as a vessel, isn't shaped to be a tool of Destruction. He also needs to limit his Preservation side so he isn't shaped to be a tool of Stasis. So he self limits his actions to control how the Shard shapes him. But this isn't the main reason for his inaction. He needs his world to be able to shape itself without his constant intervention. Challenges from outside provide opportunities for growth. By acting directly, Sazed would be taking those opportunities away from his people. How does this apply to Marsh? Marsh wants to die. Marsh deserves to move on to the next stage. Sazed knows this and is allowing Marsh to make his own way and helping where he can without direct action. Kelsier doesn't want to die/move on, so he actively seeks his own solutions. Sazed likes this, as well, as it provides Sazed with weapons that he doesn't have to directly manage; he can manage them through his old friend. Autonomy blinding Sazed was particularly an issue because it limited his ability to monitor all of his tools and step in at the last minute to help should it be needed. Sazed could have stepped in and fixed everyone's issues at any time. He feared doing so more than he feared that Autonomy would win. At least, that's how I see it all.

My take: A Shard's Investiture probably coalesces into (slightly) different metals in different systems/planets. Much in the same way that the magic system resulting from a Shard's presence will be different in one system than it would be in another. The effects of Investiture are affected by the system. So Trellium and Bavadium would be different metals because they coalesce in different places.

This should teach you a bit about what Shardholders can and can't do with Shards, not make you upset that it didn't meet your previous expectations.

Dragonsteel and the final Mistborn will have to firmly and finally address the true implications of the Shattering, so this is moving that narrative forward. What are the full ramifications of entities controlling pieces of God? In the case of Sazed, what about holding multiple pieces that are in conflict? Basically, your question goes to the final outcome of the overall Cosmere narrative.

I think what Brandon is setting up here is a damned if you do, damned if you don't situation for every Shard, exemplified through Sazed. He wants to be a benevolent deity but his actions are forced by the Intents of the powers he holds. If he chooses to do nothing, The Investiture he controls will act on its own, or an outside force with it's own Intent will act. There's even the possibility that by choosing to not act, an Intent is still supported or denied making even inaction impossible in the long run.

Cultivation isn't growth, it's the facilitation of growth. Growth happens as a result of processes, so it isn't a piece of personality that can be shattered off of a person and made manifest. Cultivation, as a piece of an individual's motivations, is about putting those processes into motion and nurturing their progress. Odium isn't hate, it's the facilitation of hate. Hate is an emotion resulting from reactions to actions, so it isn't a piece of a personality that can be shattered off of a person and made manifest. Odium, as a piece of an individual's motivations, is about creating the actions and conditions that lead to hate. Odium believes himself to be "Passion" because one of the best ways to create Hate is to set competing passions against each other. If you inflame the passions of others in many different ways, they will create hate through their interactions. Look at the Unmade. So, both Shards are extremely compatible and would result in a Shard that nurtures both development and animosity. The resulting Shard would have to temper it's nurturing of hate to not interfere with its nurturing of growth. With the breadth of things to facilitate, any number of names could result from such a Shard. However, most of them would be pretty ominous. Facilitating growth and hate is a particularly nasty combination. But it could also result in something akin to John Conway's Game of Life

By final era Mistborn (the one in space), there will be some rough calculations regarding Investiture to Energy to Matter and back. Until then, the idea that such conversions exist is enough to keep the magic systems in check. I speculate that there will be three reversible equations: E=Mc^2, I = Mk and I = Ei, where k and i are constants defined by Cosmere rules and whose units work to convert the units of Mass and Energy to units of Investiture (Energy is Force times Distance which is equivalent to Mass times Velocity Squared, which is where the speed of light squared term comes from). These wouldn't work unless Investiture is unitless, which would be a copout in such a system. Investiture should have some unit of measure.

What if Sazed invited Autonomy to send an avatar to Scadrial to aid in creating his own avatar to better deal with the dichotomy of his Shard? Trell is the avatar of Harmony, acting as Discord. Trellium is Autonomy's Godmetal, used by Autonomy's avatar to facilitate the separation between Harmony and his created avatar, something Harmony wouldn't be able to do on his own. Probably a little convoluted, but better than the entire series being predicated on an attack on Scadrial by Autonomy.

I hope Kaladin gets to rest after his Hero's Journey is over. If Brandon drags him into the greater Cosmere, I'll be disappointed.

If you think the start of the book is a slog, you'll find most of the book a slog. The problem is that we're left with a single character that is narratively cut off from everything she's done before and thrust into a new place. The revelations come in drips and drabs until the last 15% of the book, in true Sanderson/Sanderlanche style. The ending is (mostly) worth the slog.

Honorspren are direct children of Stormfather, so the bond with Honorspren have a more direct Connection to Stormfather than other spren. Beyond that, acceptance and any oversight of that acceptance should be different from spren to spren and what the bondmate experiences with that acceptance should be different, as well.

I don't see an idiot in the Prologue. I see a human being with huge power playing a game way over his head and being played by forces much older and smarter than he is. If he kept his head out of the Cosmere, he would have continued to be a great, powerful and decent leader. In the bigger Cosmere game, he was the mark and he got played. I think Brandon did a pretty good job of making that clear in this Prologue.

If you can't use the Investiture without destroying the things you've created, you have to be willing to destroy those things. Preservation was unwilling to destroy the people of Scadrial, so the power required to make them sentient (sapient?) was unavailable to him, making him less powerful than Ruin. He trapped Ruin BECAUSE of this power disparity. The power used to trap Ruin made Preservation nearly powerless, his only remnant being the Mists and the plans he put in place.

Mercy could actually lead to the removal of all life. Life is suffering -> It's a mercy to end that suffering -> KILL EVERYTHING. Results in a Shard worse than the Shard of Hate.