Yata

Exactly, but the 1) is an headcanon of mine while 2) is actual confirmed by WoB somewhere I used to avoid confusion to call Rider of the Storm (the name used by the Listeners) the being before the merging and Stormfather after...But the names may be a bit imprecise in this way The Vessel (Tanavast) died and the Shard was Splintered but "Honor" is still invested in Roshar...it's not gone. On another note, being like Spren or Shard become attached to the area where they spend time/are connected It's extremely difficoult to them to leave, of course this may be done but more you are connected to a place and more the effort is to leave....A Shard is a collosal amount of Investiture and it leak in the Shardworld where it is...For this deities de-Invest from a Shardworld would be almost the only way to safe "go away". For example we have also in-world proofs of Cultivation's presence on Roshar. Her Perpendicularity is still there (probably the Horneater's peaks), this mean she is still on Roshar. On a final note, but this is a specific case. We don't know if a Shard may actually leave Great Roshar System, or if whatever the Oathpact does to Odium is actually targeting every Shard so Honor, Cultivation, Odium and whatever other shard enters, can't leave (this is actually how I think Oathpact works...but yet we have no proofs of it)

Cultivation is on Roshar in SA, a Shard can't simply leave without de-Invest herself and if she did something like that she would probably lost a lot of power (not a smart thing with Odium so near), her Spren are still there and so she is, because all her spren are still part of her. Lastly but not less relevant we have a WoB that said Odium can't influence too much directly Roshar because He has a full living and powerful shard who oppose him there. Returning to the WoB you provided. Stormfather become Honor's Cognitive Shadow (or to be more precise, he merged with Honor's Cognitive Shadow) only recently (from the Roshar's History times) and whatever He was before in relation to Honor, is what (probably) the Nightwatcher is to Cultivation....There are a lot of theories about. For example I think Rider of the Storm (old name of the Stormfather) and Nightwatcher are great Adonalsium spren that H&C's corrupted with their Investiture, but we have no sure answer.

@QuantumSpren He may listen their thoughts so there is actual a contradiction, much more In the end probaby Sazed is an hope for them other than an actual knowledge

Yes you will die (if the Cosmere's Human are like us) near 125 years old killed by old age. But you will probably capable of live a good life until then

Well when you start SH, there is a Brandon's introduction that say "I suggest to read it after BoM". As you said, SH take place in the first trilogy's time but there is a decent spoiler inside of it (if you don't already discovered here on the forum)

Marsh can't actually oppose to Ruin's control, He manage to pull out Vin's earring just for a Ruin's distraction (and also this simple action was probably beyond the willpower of almost every other character)...if Ruin focuses his attension on him there is no way he could do something other than obey

Yes but it's possible to give away the Divine Breath without consume it in a Healing...so the reciver would have a Divine Breath at his/her disposal There are people with this kind of idea, but it is baseless (and to be there are counterproofs to this)

As a Splinter of Endowment the Divine breath have to be sentient to a some degree therefore I think if you use it for awakening you simply obtain a object moved by the Divine Breath's mind

I am sorry to disprove this theory but Wit was a regular guy in his youth on Yolen and his master "the original Hoid" was a regular human too. I don't want to go beyond this point because Liar of the Partinel is both spoiler and not yet un-canon. But I think great relevant facts about "who is Adonalsium ?" and similar question are already fixed in Brandon's mind from years.

Cultivation (and Honor) to me is well rappresentated by her thematical Surge... Progression, it's a force of improvement. An actual Anti-Ruin

There is a topic in Secret History section where we try to figure how the Hemalurgy may allow him to return...without a real or likely answer. The Problem is you can't simply spike a Cognitive Shadow at least for canon material we have. Argent I forgot to ask you, can you tell me what WoB is ? Because I don't find any problem with the material we have....so probably I had to miss it

If I don't remember wrong a Shard's Intent doesn't appy to himself. It's the reason preservation may sacrifice himself, the reason Ruin didn't kill himself while he can't reach other target and something like that. On the note of Endowment and his weakening hersef. Divine Breath are still part of her, her power is not diminished by creating some Splinter (unlike Ruin's power stolen by Preservation), we have a WoB that explains it well with Honor (and Cultivation)'s Spren

She is the Illusion's source, She can't create something unknown to her...

Ah okok, I say that because many people think the Survival-Shard is actually Survival and this link him/her to First of the Sun and its culture. Honestly I don't know if this is even possible. A Shard's power is mostly Spiritual and therefore is everywhere/nowhere. But once a Shard extend himself into the Cognitive Realm, There is no "deep space" in the Cognitive Realm for the lacking of living being

Unluckly I can't find it, but there is another more recent WoB on the "burning spike" topic, He didn't say what would happen when you actually burn it, but only that burning Spike is a weird thing because you have to match the Spike's Idenitity to actually burn it (in the same way of metamind). If I find again that WoB, I will post it...but for now no result

Just a note: What we call "The Shard who wants to survive" is not Survival (as Shard's name) and his Intent isn't strictly related to Survive. It's just a smart Shard who knows what Odium did and don't want to die.

Yes but the newest WoB point to "you need a Spike made by your own soul" (or Identity free)...I honestly didn't remember thar Duralluminium use. Sorry

Someone proposed simply in ancient time, Returned were raised in group and they form "families" with the group's member. So nothing blood related but more "someone teaches thy are siblings"

Actually a Returned can generate offspring with an unknown method. Vo did it and as result we have the Idris Royal Family. Of course nobody knows how Vo did it (and I think Vo himself manage to do this unwilling, not He actually knows something special/secret) the Priests indeed know a method to make a Returned gave birth to a child...but we don't know what the method is and is they use the same method Vo used. Of course no "the whole church" know this, only a group of Priest in an island far from the capital (where they try to send Susebron and Siri in the final part) and usually they replace a GodKing when a baby Return...so strictly no Godking is the son of the previous one. The only problem with this is, "why to find a fake son when you may make a true heir ?" probably the method have some risks and they don't want to put in danger Peacegiver's tresure.

First of all, She never use Durallumin with Bronze (i think is really useless) and much more Durallumin would be unable to burn your own Spike/metalmind if you don't want. A Mistborn is burning X Metal, He want to performe Durallumin-Micheal-Bay-Feat with that metal, so He burns Duralluminium. With a huge flow of power (Explosion in the background) all the uninvested X metal vanish from his stomach in a couple of istants. He stops to burn Duralluminium, the Metalmind/Spike is safe because it's invested and harder to affect, so before mundane metal and only then Invested metal (starting from the less Invested...So Spikes). EDIT: I just notice something weird in my previous answer. Durallumin can't affect Spikes at all because you have to be capable of accessing to that metal and Spike (unless they are made from yourself's soul....weird but I don't judge) for Identity's Interference. My points remain for some sadist Allomancer but in generally you can't burn Spikes in your body with Duralluminium

Just ask to your edgedancer/duskbringer friend to overcome this issues

@Oversleep already exposed an great point but if you want to see it in the Realmatic Theory's rules...Your Spiritual Aspect place a great limit to what you can do and how much your Cognitive Self could go far from your "standard self". Your Soul "knows" you are Human and if you become something else (for example a werewolf) It pushes you back to the normal...You would need Investiture to counter this Soul's push. So probably you (in theory) may turn into a werewolf with the right mindset (again in theory, in practice you will probably never go far from your true self....expecially for a Returned who are less likely to change) but you have to expend Investiture constantly to keep that form

Probably He talk about the Kandra Worldhoppers and some other worldhopper with an Hemalurgic Implant

Actually Argent I think Kelsier's case and Returneds' cases are not easily comparable: - Kelsier become a Cognitive Shadow exposing his Mind to Preservation's perpendicularity for quite an year. This Infuses his Mind with soo Investiture to become something like a Sliver's Mind (without actual be a Sliver of course). - A Returned (but this may be actual a great speculation) is a Cognitive Shadow, but not the actual the deadman's mind, instead I think some Nalthisian spawn "naturally" a Cognitive Shadow without Shardic Intervent and this Cognitive Shadow actually come to be from the Breath the guy had (a Drab can't return). The Breath is easily capable of carring Cognitive (it's what the whole Awakening does) and I think they recive a slowly imprinting by their user. Once the owner dies and reaches the Beyond, the Breath may remain as Owner's Cognitive Shadow (the Investiture feign to be an actual being). This is too me the messing with the Returned's Memory...They are not actually the guy, only an echo of the guy. They may recover memories or be connected to memories of the owner but it's not something as easy as be the one who experienced those. PS: Of course with my explaination of Returned, Endowment simply recluit among the already formed Cognitive Shadow. She doesn't create them

I am unsure but I think this would happen only if the piercing is integrated/connected to the Soul Aspect of the target, the same with the metal in the stomach. But the Metal in stomach is always see as integrated for an allomancer for the own Allomantic default rules. So I think you may drain a Metalmind with Chromium if you are actually tapping it (but it take time) or if you are so attached to it to be "spiritual connected"