therunner

So we have proper Investiture unit, BEU, or Breath Equivalent Unit. Few notes, I will add more later. Most human souls in their entirety are at most 3, and on most worlds just 1. So a single Breath is basically entirety of un-Invested human soul, probably a bit less but not by much. Holding several hundreds one thousand BEUs strengthens the body increasing endurance, damage resistance and strength. This implies that Radiant holding Stormlight is at least on this threshold, as they exhibit most of these effects. Cinderhearts and sunhearts are few thousand BEU, and Charred describe feeling a sense of need to move, to run and to do things. Which is exactly what holding Stormlight is described as (holding Voidlight has similar effects, though more focused on enflamed emotions). If Charred are effectively channeling the Investiture in Cinderhears, that implies that few spheres of Stormlight can provide several thousand BEUs, though they dissipate unless used being kinetic. Either way, the implication is that a single sphere worth of Stormlight is tens of BEUs at least. No wonder Ghostbloods want to get in on that action. Edit: Corrected point 2., as the threshold is 5% skip capacity, and 100% skip is 20 000 BEUs.

Zellion..interesting.

So from Sunlit Man we learn that Dawnshard, when used, will consume any source of Investiture to power itself. That is what killed Aux, when Nomad unconsciously used his Dawnshard, it consumed nearly the entire spren in moments. As far as I know, there is only one other object/being in the entire Cosmere that can consume the very soul of beings. And indeed must consume Investiture to manifest its greatest power. Nightblood of course. So I posit that Nightblood holds Dawnshard, most likely 'Destroy' Dawnshard. It would explain his frankly insane abilities, how he can consume even souls, and his so overwhelming Intent. We know that Endowment was involved in Nightblood's creation, and I think the involvement was that she used Nightblood as a vessel to hold Dawnshard and to allow someone to wield that Dawnshard without being twisted by its Intent. The Intent of Nightblood the being 'Destroy evil' serves as a 'modifier' to the Dawnshard Intent 'Destroy', so that under most circumstances the Dawnshard does not just destroy anything around it. If the above is true, than Nalthian Shardblades will never reach anything even approaching the power of Nightblood. Edit: And after Dragonsteel 2023 we know this is not true, and Nightblood is not Dawnshard.

Elend was in no way a prodigy with Allomancy. He was simply the most powerful one around by rather large margin, which let him help fight off Inquisitors. Remember that primary advantage of Inquisitors was that they had healing/speed and more Atium then their opponents. With Electrum, second advantage is negated, and with knowledge of lynchpin spikes the first one is limited. If anything the second most skilled/prodigious Mistborn was Kelsier, and he as you note had far weaker Connection than Vin did, and definitely weaker Connection than Elend. From what we see, very few individuals are sufficiently Connected. We have only 3-4 examples, Vin, Sazed (who can be counted twice) and Taravangian. Taravangian is result of Cultivation meddling. Vin and Sazed were steered by Leras and his prophecies. So so far, all the Ascensions were in some way influenced by an active Shard. Vin was groomed for that role and more in-tune with Intent than Kelsier, so that alone means she would have easier time with the power. And Leras mentions that because Kelsier is Cognitive Shadow and has no link to PR he will have difficulty wielding the power if I remember correctly. To some powersets it clearly does, e.g. Surgebinding. Higher Oath = deeper Bond with Spren = stronger Connection to spren, and you get more efficient. We know that at least to some extent strength (and efficiency) in Allomancy is related to Connection to Preservation, since that is what burning Lerasium does and the effect scales with amount of Lerasium burned. Yes, there are. Though in this particular case we are discussing Connection to a Shard, as was called out in OP. I would say the spoiler actually support the thesis that being Invested won't grant you more knowledge in general. Based on that, I don't think being Invested will get you knowledge, it is only specifically within Awakening. And all of those are also protagonists. Of course they are prodigies, that does not mean they are more Connected to a Shard than average user. And I would note that Vin killed by that murder of Inquisitors after less than ~30 seconds, the moment she landed significant hit Inquisitors stopped screwing around and ended her. Only the fact that she was capable of breathing in the Mists (all of it) saved her in that moment. It had nothing to do with her skill, and everything to do with the fact she was actively Ascending in that moment. That is not to say that Vin is not extraordinarily skilled, but it is simply not true that she could solo bunch of Inquisitors at once in normal conditions.

Ah, interesting. True, however we also know that Lerasium creates strong Connection to Preservation. That hints that Connection is necessary for Allomancers to use their powers, after all they get Investiture from SR. Innate Investiture might have some effect like this too, but honestly I am unwilling to guess, we know way too little. Connection to what though? Connection to Preservation won't make you more insightful, Elend was Lerasium Mistborn and so in this way more Connected than Vin, yet Vin was a prodigy with Allomancy. I don't think it would help. The decrease in efficiency comes from either need to use up some energy to compress attribute to adapt body more to large influx of attribute (required secondary powers so to speak, like F-Iron not crushing user). Or it could be both. Connection would not help in either case. Ah, good link thanks. Well, I don't think that is acutally the case. The only Invested art where more Shards Investiture leads to some knowledge of Invested Art is Awakening. In no other Invested Art do we see anything like that happening, nor anyone mentions it.

I think the increased efficiency is matter of Connection, however the other Savantism effects (i.e. increased effect of Tin, increased potency of Pewter etc.) are not, and are intrinsically tied to changes to spiritweb as whole. I don't think this is true. You can find better Commands that can achieve the same effect with less Breaths, but merely being of higher Heigthening won't help. Heightening grants some increased knowledge, however that is tied to possessing Breaths, and those are basically entirely in physical realm. So this does not actually seem to be result of closeness to SR, necessarily. This I agree with. And I would add that it seems that Soulcaster savants seem to be more powerful/skillful, though in theory skill can be down to simple practice. This I kind of agree and kind of don't. I think what Kaladin had was just the natural Connection through being Windrunner (after all, Teft near his death seems to get about as close as Kaladin was, and even a bit further with basically summoning Shardblade). My personal theory is that Oaths are not 'natural' part of Surgebinding, and that pre-Ishar wild Surgebinders had no Oaths to swear. Oaths were introduced when Ishar 'reformed' Surgebinders into Knights Radiant (or Ishar's Knights as other Heralds call them), and serve as sort of gating mechanism to ensure that the greater power of Surges is accessible only to those 'worthy' in some sense. As part of this reform, 3rd Oath allows summoning of Spren and 4th Oath allows creation of Shardplate, because these two powers are very odd 'natural' expressions of Invested Art. Especially Shardplate which is quite clearly intended as a tool of war. So by that theory Kaladin was as Connected as any 4th Oath Radiant would be, but the gating mechanism of Oaths prevented him from accessing some of it. Easier learning of Commands I can see, Awakening with fewer Breaths no, as per reasoning above. That would be interesting. I think possible in theory, but the cost could be rather great, as they would have to store their Connection (and Bond) to Spren for some time, which the Spren might not like. But they could simply discuss with Spren and if the Spren is willing it would be interesting tool. This I disagree with. Savantism as a whole is down to changes in Spiritweb, not just Connection. F-Duralumin could theoretically let Allomancer get more Investiture from their metals, if they strengthen their Connection to Harmony, but that would just get them to level of e.g. Lerasium Mistborn. Duralumin Compounder could plausibly use it to get to TLR level, if that is the mechanism used. But it won't be savantism. Feruchemist already must be Connected to Metalmind and its Investiture, otherwise they won't be able to tap. So I don't think it would lead to increased efficiency in tapping, but it might allow Feruchemist to tap Metalminds that are not touching their body, though it would probably require a lot of Connection. I disagree with this, there is no evidence that Hemalurgic knowledge is granted via Connection to any Shard. So far it seems to be simple trial and error, or increased understanding of a Shard.

Ah, apologies for misunderstanding you then.

Even in IRL nuclear explosions don't use up the entire amount of fuel. E.g. in Little Boy 64 kg of Uranium was used, but less than 1kg actually underwent fission. And that still resulted in ~15 kiloton explosion. So a one gram of Uranium that undergoes fission is equivalent to about 15 tons of TNT (probably a bit less, but still that order of magnitude). So 1 miligram could get you about the same as 1 kg of TNT, which is quite considerable force. Add to that the fact that Harmonium is most likely more potent (because Investiture) than any IRL isotope, and what happened in Wax's basement is quite feasible with just few miligrams of Harmonium that underwent fission.

No problem, looking forward to what you come up with Though I would think that not necessarily every Connection draws you closer towards SR, only some do. And since Shards are primarily in SR, Connections to them could possibly draw person closer to SR. Connection to another person, probably not so much.

This is not the case. Trellium-Harmonium reaction is far more similar to 'regular' nuclear fission, only with Invested matter. In fission matter is also converted to energy, and in fact the interaction produces energy precisely because Harmonium is split into two different elements, 'Lerasium' and 'Atium'. Matter - Anti-matter interactions are quite different in mechanism.

I don't have time at the moment, so I will get to the rest later. But regarding your last point about hammers: One, only Radiant would have access to Living Shardhammer. Two, up until the Last Desolations Radiants never fought each other and no one else had access to Plate. So there would be no reason to form Shardhammers. Even now Odium's forces don't have that many Shardplates, and Radiants are needed elsewhere (especially since Deadplate vs Deadplate combat is known and tested).

Well mass grows with cube of the average linear size, so if you double hammer in every dimension, its weight will grow 8x. 100 kg of iron is 120x10x10 cm slab, 60 kg would be something like 72x10x10, the shaft would probably weight at least 10 kg as well. So it is possible the Shardhammer was more like ~80-100 kg in weight. Steel would be a bit lighter, but the difference is few percent at most. So yeah, Shardhammers are heavy. Yeah, basically it is like Koloss swords, they are waay too large. And Vin would be unable to wield them at all, just because of the momentum. But it is cool Nah, it was not that bad. Kaladin fell with speed human on earth would attain after falling only ~22 meters. Which yeah, it is unlikely to be survivable for normal human (but there are cases of that). But as we saw with Miles in AoL, healing starts immediately after damage is done, so Kaladin was actively healing as he impacted. So as his legs were breaking, Stormlight was also putting them back together. Of course Stormlight was overwhelmed, and his legs were broken. So just by the virtue of healing, Radiant can probably withstand more than normal human without showing damage (technically the damage is done, but it is healed basically immediately). Frankly, I don't think you can swing hammer that fast. Swords can be swung at ~20 m/s (https://swordstem.com/2018/08/22/how-fast-do-swords-move-try-1/), and hammer would be slower than that due to how its mass is distributed. I think the hammer can be swung at ~15 m/s at best. For even 100 kg Shardhammer that results in kinetic energy of just ~11 000 joules, so less than half of Kaladin's fall. It is basically the same, in the ball the mass is also technically not hitting at once either. The differences because of this are waay beyond what we can do, and other stuff (like deformation of the objects) would start coming into play sooner, I think. I don't remember hammer being used so I cannot comment. But yeah Kaladin did crack 3 or 4 pieces. True, but even lighter than they should be, Chasmfiend is still massive. Without madras they would weight in the neighborhood of hundreds of tons (they are 6 meters wide, 12 meters tall, and 24 meters long at least). They just need to make themselves light enough to not crush themselves, which basically means to get their mass grow less with size. Since we don't know structural properties of their bodies it is difficult to estimate how the weight should behave, but I would say that Chasmfiend still weights dozens of tons at least. I would also note that even in-universe, catching Chasmfiend foreclaw like that was a bit of a wtf moment, so its not like it was casual moment. And as stated above, Shardhammer (while rule of cool influenced) won't move as fast as you think. No it was stated they could barely lift it, and is being transported on carts because of the weight. Hammers are relatively good shape to carry, as most of the weight is in the hammerhead itself. And if the hammer head is large enough for both hands, you can carry it like that.

Not at all Though I might not always respond in timely manner. Shardhammers are much more heavy than 8 kgs. Its transported on carts, and two people can barely lift it, much less wield it. I would put its weight at 60 kg at minimum. So it would generate far greater kinetic energy and force. When burning pewter they could barely lift it, when flaring they could probably wield it to some extant, but it would be too heavy to use properly. Like kid trying to swing adult hammer. And momentum would complicate it, since the hammer would be considerable fraction of their own mass. So ultimately, they could lift it, but not use it in actual combat, it would be too unwieldy for them. Plausibly yes, though at that point their own muscles would start to interfere with their movement options. Basically they would have to tap to the level Sazed did in WoA, and maybe they could match Shardplate. Not sure if that would work. We have quite pointedly never really seen F-Steel user throw anything, despite how useful it would be. Even Bleeder used guns. So I suspect that similarly to how F-Iron does not increase strength of punches, F-Steel does not let you throw objects or swing them with the actual force it would imply. Basically it is better to think of F-steel in the sense that everything around F-steel user slows down, not that they are physically sped up (because otherwise they would be breaking everything around them all the time). Or the objects will feel heavier to F-steel user, because their muscles still only generate the same force they are just magically sped up, so trying to get something moving as fast as them would be quite hard. Frankly F-Steel is very busted, which i suspect is one of the reasons Brandon is avoiding it (and in-universe is very rare). While hammer would absorb some of the impact, flesh and bones are weaker than metal, so those would break first. Try hitting something with a sword (even training one), if you put too much power into swing and hit something hard, you can break your thumb. At the very least you end up with bruises. So hands would suffer the worst of it, definitely soft tissue damage, quite possibly broken or dislocated bones. If they use Steel Feruchemy the damage would be much worse. Honestly I don't see many ways to mitigate it without additional equipment, you hit something hard there will be back-reaction. You could add padding to haft, but that would not do much at these momenta. Wearing gauntlet made out of something very sturdy and with padding inside would help, though it would interfere with F-Pewter , unless engineered to stretch (which would compromise its defensive capability however). Possibly? Though I would think that better than gloves would be sort of 'half-mech', basically reinforced armor that is Awakened to act like mechanical armor that augments strength. Then you can boost strength, and it is the armor/its construction that takes brunt of the damage. Yeah, they do. Just poking Shardplate won't do much, swinging it will crack section, and how much depends on the power of the swing. So Shardblade wielded by someone in Shardplate is more effective against Shardplate than just Shardblade alone. Yeah, kinetic energy grows with square of velocity. So double the speed, you 4x the kinetic energy. I would say no actually. We have never seen section be shattered with a single strike, it always took at least two. Now that does not make it impossible, but it is interesting. I would say that that second strike would get it to the point were any additional impact would shatter that section. But it could just as easily fully shatter it. Yep. And Shardplate sections explode into molten metal outwards, implying that to some extent the follow-through of the swing would encounter resistance. Any armor helps somewhat, simply because there is more material to absorb blows. But Shardplate definitely absorbs basically all of that force. You are aware of it, but it does not harm the body. It seems to attenuate any sensory input in such a way that user detects it, but it is not unpleasant (e.g. blows will be felt, but won't hurt; yet fingers have ability to feel fine details and sensation. Lighting strikes are actively blocked out via the visor, so that user can see clearly despite it, and noise is also lessened (we see that with Adolin on WoR)). Like I said, Shardplate is closer to powered armor or mech suit than any medieval armor. It looks like that, but that is where similarities end. It improves at least some senses, speed, strength and reflexes of the user, in addition to its protective abilities. Sidenote: I am extremely excited for SA5, because we will (presumably) finally see Living Shardplate in action to see its limits, now that Kaladin has one.

I don't think you do And honestly I worry the same some time. In any discussion with different viewpoints some level of confrontation is inevitable, but I think so long as we assume best intentions in the opponent and 'attack' only the arguments, then that is perfectly fine. Not for everyone sure, but so long as all sides are ok with it, it is polite to me. Honestly I kinda do too want to see it get broken like that. But I think the more resilient it is, the bigger the moment will be when it happens. You know, if after ~10ish books of being basically unbreakable, it gets smashed in the climax like it is nothing it will be a huge moment. Reasonable approach, I do the same with my knowledge of physics. Sadly we inevitably run into the problem that at the end of the day Cosmere is 'just' books, not an actual fully consistent universe. And so our attempts at in depth analysis run into a wall (like the discrepancy between the forces applied to coin vs Allomancer), because we look into it too deeply. It is still fun though Yeah, Awakening is awesome, but quite 'soft' compared to others. At least AonDor is programming language, but Awakening basically requires 'Command', where heavy lifting is done by the magic. And on top of that on one hand per WoB the Awakened material cannot do stuff it could not do on its own in reality (i.e. you cannot Awaken something to start burning for example), but it can move, which yeah those materials cannot do that. But its fun, and it gave us Sword-Nimi. So the rope will have to move at least as fast as you want the projectile to go. Rotational movement (i.e. sling or trebuchet) are easiest way of achieving high speeds. Longer rope will also help with that, since with the same angular velocity the velocity of the end of rope will be greater (v = r* \omega). Theoretically the only limitations are: The power output of the driving device. Tensile strength of the rope. 1. is taken care of by the Breaths, but we have no idea of how much power output breath can provide. Theoretically though this could be increased by applying more Breaths. So 2. is the only real limitation, where the maximum speed we can move the object with is limited by T_max = m*v_max^2/r, where T_max is tensile strength, r is the length of rope, m is the mass of the object we want to throw, and v_max is the maximum velocity for the given object with the given rope. So we have v_max = sqrt(T_max*r/m). Taken e.g. 8 pound (~3.5kg) ball as you suggested above, and using nylon rope 6 mm thick which has tensile strength up to 90 MPa (or 90 Newton per mm^2), the strength of the particular rope being ~2500 Newton, with the length being e.g. 2 meters, we get max speed V_max = sqrt(2500*2/3.5) = 37.7 m/s. Since it behave like a square root of the the quantities, if we want to 3x the speed to get to 100 m/s, we need to either increase the Tensile strength by a factor of 9, or increase length of rope by a factor of 9. So, 18 meter long nylon rope 6mm thick can throw 3.5 kg ball at 100 m/s. Equivalently, 2 meter long nylon rope that is 5.4 cm thick can do the same. So you need relatively large or long ropes to achieve this. But if Awakening strengthens the material (which is possible) than all of the above goes out the window, and we are back to 'it works because magic'. (I use nylon since it was discovered in 1935 so Wax should live to see it). It would work, but the issue is that unlike with gun the projectile is unlikely to be between him and his target, so Wax would have difficult time pushing on it from the proper angle. Trebuchet would throw things in arc, so Wax pushing on it would just get it higher. Sling would throw things from off to his side, so Wax pushing on it would push it off trajectory (which could be a good thing). He would probably want shorter ropes for that reason, because if the stone is flung from a point ~18 meters from him, he cannot Push on it much, because of the angles. And there will be a wind up time to get ropes to move that fast. Steel line leads to the object not beyond it, so it would not hover over the target. And it would go slightly to the side than the muzzle anyway, since it goes from his center of self to the guns center of mass. I would say actually Awakened sling would be rather imprecise, unless it is piggybacking on your senses. Awakened objects do have some measure of life sense, but it seems that unless they have eyes they don't perceive distant objects, because they literally don't have how. Frankly, that is the part of Awakening I have biggest issue, how can the objects perceive stuff around them, when they don't have any sensory apparatus? With living things they can have life sense sure, but non-living things? Yeah, Awakening synergies quite well because it basically just augments stuff or get it moving.

Would work, but it would probably work 'only' as a good sling. Slings top out at ~40 m/s, but powered by Awakened ropes it would probably be able to generate greater velocity. I think 100 m/s would be doable? But I suspect it would need some construction at least to do this, as otherwise I am surprised we did not see any such slings in Warbreaker. Yeah, it should be more effective than push alone. Not as effective as bullet, but more effective than just pushing a coin/metallic ball. Thank you, I am honored

That is very reasonable assumption. So do we all

More effective than Shardblade? I don't think so. One, you can reshape Shardblade into big hammer. Two, even Awakened Shardhammer would not be as Invested as Shardblade. One is Invested, the other is Investiture. I would say the effectiveness would go Shardblade > Awakened Shardhammer > Shardhammer. So it would still be an upgrade. Though perhaps some very complex command could allow it to be even better at this? If there is some weakness that can be exploited.

I think a big-ass gun is the best option But with Hemalurgy as it is now, they won't get any Compounding, not unless someone is born that way. Those rocks still barely cracked the plate, so who knows maybe bullets will be at least the same level of damage. Yeah, that is the level of energy that should be able to at least crack a section to reasonable level if you land a hit. Basically, take something you would use to fire through engine block of a truck, or armored vehicle. Because Radiants or Shardbearers are not infantry, they are mechanized units for all intents and purposes (they even require fuel!). Well, those bullets would match that (and perhaps exceed if pressure does play a role). And you could do it again quickly, unlike Kaladin. Well yeah, Invested weaponry is something else. Shardblades did inspire Nightblood. But yeah, if you have armor made out of literal Godmetal, It is not surprising it will be resilient as all hell.

That is... I have no clue, like at all. Very interesting question. They do interact with EM spectrum (they can be seen ) and they have atoms/axi so could be?

I agree with that. I do enjoy SA more than Mistborn, but for reasons completely unrelated to magic system (I am sucker for epics and overcoming inner demons). I would say that Era 1 had probably the best (hardest) magic system to my tastes.

Or its simply because guns are more powerful than pushes, as the narrative repeatedly shows in both Eras. Could be. Or Coinshot can fire it that fast, who knows. Exactly, and if physics cannot solve it, then we must take only what we see in books as true and extrapolate only a little bit (or for fun). In the books (and WoBs): Mistborn/Coinshot are not capable of firing projectile anywhere near 100m/s.Tens of meters per second at best. Guns are better than at shooting than Coinshots alone. Sharplate resists bullets well (I would say at least as well as Roseite Golem, which took machine gun fire without issue), but Crasher with a Gun (i.e. Wax) can with appropriate ammunition break sections in few shots. From the above three points, it is rather clear that Mistborn/Coinshot is incapable of damaging Shardplate with Steelpushes alone. Yup. And he had energy in tens of kilojoules to do that, which puts certain limits on what can and cannot break Plate. Theoretically, heavy anti-material rifles do produce that amount of energy (at the moment they are fired), so basically Plate is more resistant than a tank (which is inline with it being 'magic powered armor'). Modern assault rifles for example produce barely ~2000 joules, far below that. Yeah, the inconsistency sucks. But we have to abide by what happens in-world, that constraints what is possible. And in-world Steelpushing cannot move objects that fast.

Shardplate looks overpowered compared to other planets magical artifacts, but on Roshar it is not as OP. Thunderclasts could probably shatter Plate relatively easily, some Fused can crack it with effectively punches. Roshar thanks to the Desolations is just on different level when it comes to combat tech. It comes down to the fact that Roshar is and will be magi-tech based primarily, but Scadrial (the second primary planet) will have more Earth based tech. So at the moment Roshar has couple of OP things, but the gap will be closing over time. I think he will go with 0th law. One can see how overtime he is removing limitations (e.g. Elantrian capable of using powers off Elantris, Steel/Iron being possibly able to affect EM forces in general, the entire spectrum of spiritual powers) and expanding scope of powers. To elaborate, in Era 1 Allomancy/Feruchemy was rather clearly defined: Steel/Iron push metal, Pewter increases strength and resilience, F-Iron did not allow you to move when tapping too much etc. But in Era 2 and WoBs Allomancy is becoming increasingly arbitrary (from my PoV): Steel/Iron could change polarity of atoms, affect non-metallic compounds, allows seeing atoms and Investiture, Pewter could allow Shapeshifting like Returned do, F-Iron automatically strengthens you so you can move yet you cannot hit any harder (which makes so little sense) etc. I expect that similar things will happen to Surgebinding in second part of SA, or in future eras. That Surges will start doing things that are seemingly not within their purview. I do hope that he will somewhat reigns himself in, so that powers are clearly understandable by audience, don't feel arbitrary, and don't change to suit the narrative. You know, the whole 'Magic A is Magic A' thing.

True, I did. Sorry about that. I think steelpushes behave kinda weirdly, so it is possible. And again, 6000 joules is barely able to crack a section. Sure greater pressure would help, but that is not guaranteed, Shardhammers are weapon of choice against Shardbearers if you don't have Shardblade, suggesting that area of impact is not as relevant, as based on description it is literally just a gigantic hammer. Not the entire way, there is finite range (e.g. coins stop being pushable at 15 meters), and the further away the weaker the push. We have no idea how it falls off though. You are free to think that. But the books I don't think support steel being anywhere near as powerful as you suggest. Pewter sprint is only a bit faster than galloping horse, which is at most 50 km/h in horses specifically raised for that. So pewtersprint is at best that, more likely lower like 45 km/h. Based on sizes of dominance and her travel time, I think she must have travelled about ~100 km/h if I remember right. Yeah, but the problem is aerodynamics. Drag grows with square of velocity, so to get small object to that kinetic energy will require more work than to get Vin to that speed. And yeah, heavier Mistborn would have to work harder to get to those speeds, or more likely, would not be able to reach Vin's speed because they are heavier. That is not how it would work. Aerodynamics will be quite relevant and Mistborn has to overcome aerodynamic drag, the power needed to overcome drag grows with third power of the velocity. Additionally, Vin clearly is not throwing those horseshoes at 111 m/s in those scenes, so we can comfortably say that is not happening, perhaps there is some odd asymmetry because Spiritual shenanigans. Size seems to matter more than mass of the object. No one describes different metals having differently strong lines (so far at least). But differently sized objects do have different lines. But at the end of the day, if steel could do what you say it can, both Eras would look different. Wax would not have to bother with a gun, since his Steelpushes would drive bullets faster than that, wooden shields could not stop those coins, etc. Edit: I mean, characters in Mistborn can dodge coins without atium, that is impossible if they are moving at speeds like 100 m/s, humans don't have reaction speeds. Edit 2: This thread goes to details about physics of steelpushes (specifically about how inconsistent the presentation is), so I think it is best to simply take what is in books and WoBs as limit on behavior.

On its own I would agree, but Brandon specifically calls out Shardplate as 'powered armor' on multiple occasions (https://wob.coppermind.net/events/445/#e14085 , https://wob.coppermind.net/events/5/#e3227 as some samples) and says it would resist bullets well (https://wob.coppermind.net/events/100/#e3561), and SotD2 All this combined suggest that Shardplate will remain combat relevant even in Era 4, you don't introduce magical powered armor that can resist bullet only to have it not be combat relevant in the actual space opera section of the story. It probably won't be as unstoppable as it is now, where it is be-all end-all of armor on any planet, but it will probably be formidable. (Personally I also think it will get some upgrades in the future that will help it remain relevant, when some Bondsmith will change how Orders function a bit, similar to how Ishar originally formed Radiants).

It the best example of Shardplate being cracked in a single hit where we can actually estimate the energy and momentum. And the energy is order of magnitude larger at least. I'll return to the simple fact that Plate would resist bullets well, and Coinshot simply cannot match what a gun can do. Coinshot gets stopped by wooden shield, bullets don't. Coinshot + Duralumin is still not much better than a gun I would wager. And Mistborn would be unable to accelerate it to that speed. They never get anything that heavy moving that fast. I doubt even coins which are 100x lighter reach those speeds. Again, Mistborn won't get it moving that fast. Not casually, he had to brace. Crasher would not have that problem though. And again, larger metallic object = larger force can be created via steelpush. So sure he can throw a truck with D+Steelpush, he still won't get metallic ball moving at supersonic speeds. If it is deadplate, then yeah this would let Mistborn win, if there were suitable anchors around. But against Radiant, it would prolong the inevitable if the Order has good mobility options. And since Mistborn would have to use Duralumin just to have a chance of damaging the Plate, they have to replenish metal (both Pewter and Steel), during which they are vulnerable, and Plate has time to heal. Plus Mistborn would have to brace against something to stand a chance of getting it move that fast.