Vin was the only person in the world who could have harmed him and he had no way to know that.
Now, why he didn't use pewter stand up and kill her when she was unconcious is a different story
I like it better, so yes you should totally read it.
Do note there is a bit more sexual content than WoK but you can see it coming(and I can tell you where) and skip to the end of the chapter if you want.
Not neccesarily more investiture, but more noticable, lightweaving is kind of like a natural coppercloud, albeit a very weak one.
Pattern notices that Shallan's lightweaving is more "quiet"
That works.
Also you should really look into it, I recomend "What they don't tell you about the Tarasque" and "What they don't tell you about the Litch" respectivly.
The stormfather's power is not Dalinar's though Dalinar does gain some powers by being bonded to the stormfather others do not, riding the storms, playing visions outside of stomrs, the map he's able to allow Lightweavers to make, etc
Not likely Connection isn't enough to do that, though Dalinar might be able to cut off their access to Odium and force them to decay into ordianry souls.