Yes, physics in the Cosmere is the same as ours.
On a different note, we seem to be caught up in tying Shardic Intent with how specific things in a magic system work. With Allomancy you are preserving your own strength by using the Shards instead, but you are free to use that strength to destroy. In Hemalurgy you steal another strength and grant it to another in a weaker form, but you can also create things using Hemalurgy, such as Kandra and Koloss.
Just because Atium is the physical form of Ruin doesn't mean its use in Allomany has to have some net-negative result.
As for why Atium gives people future sight even though Ruin is bad at it, think of it this way. When you burn Atium it is acting as the power source, which is normally provided by Preservation, then that energy is being channeled through Preservation. You are basically using Ruin's energy to power Preservation's abilities.