It's difficult to be sworn to protect others, and then fight everyone who possibly threaten's you...
Kaladin's been wary of giving too much information to people he doesn't trust for 2 full books now and in some cases when someone has demonstrated fairly great trust in him. He's not going to go beat up the guard that's struggling to pull his mace out... He's going to be quiet and standoffish... I fully expect that Roshone will be in the building and will recognize him... Also, remember that Kaladin's sworn he won't be put in prison again... it will be interesting to see how things go if Roshone tries to thrown perceived power around... I suspect summoning Sil as a blade may significantly alter perceptions... Kaladin isn't generally boastful; arrogant - yes, boastful - no.
I like Kaladin but that's just me. I kind of like it when a character has flaw's and doesn't become suddenly perfect over a short period of time. Kaladin's had some perceived growth/knowledge increases that didn't seem warranted in the past and I can't say I LIKE all of his behaviors. But I do appreciate the character and in my opionion, development doesn't always mean improvement. Sometimes realism can be achieved when there's more of "a cycle" where they improve, stumble, fall, and then improve again with ties to the events in the previous cycle.
Also - good point about Kohlinar - he should have swung by Kohlinar on the way to Hearthstone since it's pretty much directly on the way from the shattered plains... Wiki map - http://goo.gl/vyGyG7