We know from WoB that there are only eight Shards that Trell can be related to: Ruin, Preservation, Honor, Cultivation, Odium, Autonomy, Dominion, Devotion. Honor's dead, Cultivation is extremely unlikely, Ruin and Preservation are currently Harmony, Dominion and Devotion are currently the Dor.
Which gives us four suspects: Odium, Autonomy, the Dor, and a second manifestation of Harmony ('Discord'). All of these technically fit with the WoB that Trell is not native to Yolen - Odium's current Vessel is a Roshar native, Autonomy manifests as avatars, the Dor originated on Sel, and Ruin and Preservation are both in a new 'form' and have a non-Yolen Vessel.
Trell's apparently destructive Intent is in line with Odium, as is the gold coloring of trellium (this would make trellium and raysium one and the same). But it's narratively unlikely because Odium is the main antagonist of SA, Mistborn Era 3 will be written before the second half of SA, and Mistborn Era 3 will prominently feature Trell. Additionally, Trell seems to have been around for a while, and Odium's Vessel recently changed, which would probably have thrown a wrench into the plans.
Autonomy is the 'cleanest' answer because there are no real problems with it. Autonomy makes avatars, Autonomy is expanding her influence, there's someone called Trell on one of Autonomy's planets, and Autonomy will play a more prominent role in the upcoming Cosmere. Some of the evidence is a little loose, like the original Trell religion focusing on night and day and Autonomy's planet being tidally locked, or trellium/bavadinium giving Bleeder autonomy from Harmony (could just be the influence of another Shard rather than aligning with Autonomy's Intent), but it fits. There's some juicier stuff as well: the original Trell religion believes the antagonistic deity to be the sun, and Autonomy is invested in a sun, so Autonomy may have had an influence on Scadrial more than a millennium ago, potentially as an avatar. Ruin would have been trapped and Preservation would have been weak so neither could oppose this, and the original ending to Well of Ascension featured multiple mostly unidentified Shards, so previous influence of other Shards on Scadrial isn't necessarily unlikely. Alternatively Autonomy just needed a name and chose Trell due to the sun thing, although Trell isn't the sun deity in Trelagism. Again: it works.
The Dor is probably the least popular of the theories. We know it has some basic degree of sentience, but almost certainly not enough to orchestrate the plans that point to Trell. Still, there is some stuff to support the Dor theory: Trell wanting to be worshipped over Harmony fits with the Dominion and Devotion Intents, WoB confirms there's a God Metal that comes from the Dor ('dorium'?), the Dor has no current Vessel and we know from the Cycle that Trell is looking for human 'avatars', and there are some theories connecting Trell and the Set to Sel. The main point of consideration with the Dor theory comes from MBSH, where we see the Ire trying to seize Preservation's power and revering Devotion, which could potentially develop into a plot opposing Harmony and following the Dor.
A second manifestation of Harmony is technically two theories: it could be that there's a second Vessel of the Ruin and Preservation powers (potentially Kelsier), or that Sazed is in a Jekyll/Hyde situation. I find this unlikely because we know that Trell literally has a unique God Metal, although the 'reaction' described at the end of the latest chapter might suggest a relation between trellium and harmonium, but it could be that combining the polarized powers of Ruin and Preservation cannot result in one clean Intent, and so a second one has developed (usually dubbed 'Discord').
Hopefully the next couple chapters will weaken or strengthen some of these.