The Diagram didn't come from Cultivation, only Taravangian's increased intellect / deceased compassion came from Cultivation/nightwatcher. She does appear to have given up on Roshar, but there's no reason to think the Diagram was inspired by anything other than Taravangian's super high sociopathic intellect. In fact, if any shard help inspire it I'd say Rayse was behind it as it is weakening the human nations and the efforts to reform the KR. Also as far as we know it fails to make the parshmen/parshendi = voidbringers connection Jasnah made. Surely if the Diagram identified that connection he would be slaughtering dull forms left and right to stop them.