What about
Adonalsium: Odium anlas (when I looked up anlas, it linked to anlace, which is "a medieval short dagger with a broad tapering blade" (dictionary.com)
What if Adonalsium wasn't the name of the god-like being before the shattering, but was either what killed the being, how it was done, or if Adonalsium is what Odium uses to kill other shards. To further support this, examine the Shard names we know: Ruin, Preservation, Cultivation, Harmony, Honor, Endowment, Devotion, Dominion, and Odium. I think the intent's of them all are so obvious given their names except Odium's. We know Odium is hateful, but why not name him Hate? Every other shard's name is intuitive(in my humble opinion), but Odium is the only word that is extremely uncommon, so why not say Hate, when that's what he is. I think Odium was named so to fit a puzzle, and what better puzzle than what is Adonalsium?