It's funny how this topic still holds such interest after all this time. I think Brandon deliberately left many details of the game unexplained so readers could draw parallels with various board games themselves. Personally, I see a mixture of chess, wargames, and modern tactical board games, rather than a direct resemblance to any one system.
Perhaps that's why discussing such things is so interesting—everyone notices their own nuances. I get a similar feeling when analyzing sporting events the more you delve into the nuances, the more you realize how much depends on strategy, not just luck.